GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) is a natural gut hormone released after meals.
It helps regulate blood sugar, control appetite, and manage lipid metabolism.
🔬🔬How GLP-1 Drugs Work:
GLP-1 receptor agonists mimic the hormone to:
- 🔼🔼 Boost insulin secretion (only when glucose is high)
- 🔽🔽 Suppress glucagon, reducing liver glucose output
- 🕒🕒 Slow gastric emptying, reducing sugar spikes
- 🍽🍽 Suppress appetite, aiding weight loss
- ▶ Tirzepatide also mimics GIP for added benefit.
🌐🌐Now in India (2025):
- Semaglutide – by Novo Nordisk
- Tirzepatide – by Eli Lilly
💊Use: Weekly injectables for diabetes and weight loss
🧬In Development: Oral versions underway
🧪🧪Evolution Timeline:
- 1906: Incretin effect observed
- 1986: GLP-1 isolated
- 1990s: Clinical trials begin
- 2010s: Liraglutide and Semaglutide developed
- 2025: Major rollout in India